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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS xlvi Preface xlix SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY 1 1 Essential Lexicon of Pharmacology 3 Francesco Clementi and Guido Fumagalli 2 A Short History of Pharmacology 8 Vittorio A. Sironi SECTION 2 GETTING THE DRUG TO ITS SITE OF ACTION 19 3 Cellular Basis of Pharmacokinetics 21 Riccardo Fesce and Guido Fumagalli 4 Drug Absorption and Administration Routes 31 Riccardo Fesce and Guido Fumagalli 5 Drug Distribution and Elimination 45 Riccardo Fesce and Guido Fumagalli 6 Drug Metabolism 61 Enzo Chiesara Laura Marabini and Sonia Radice Metabolic Modification of Drug Activity 7 Control of Drug Plasma Concentration 73 Riccardo Fesce and Guido Fumagalli SECTION 3 RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 91 8 Drug-Receptor Interactions: Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects 93 Gian Enrico Rovati and Valérie Capra 9 Receptors and Modulation of Their Response 109 Francesco Clementi and Guido Fumagalli 10 A daptation to Drug Response and Drug Dependence 121 Cristiano Chiamulera 11 Pharmacological Modulation of Posttranslational Modifications 130 Monica Di Luca Flavia Valtorta and Fabrizio Gardoni 12 Calcium Homeostasis Within the Cells 139 Jacopo Meldolesi and Guido Fumagalli 13 Pharmacology of Map Kinases 147 Lucia Vicentini and Maria Grazia Cattaneo 14 Small G Proteins 154 Erzsébet Ligeti and Thomas Wieland 15 Integration in Intracellular Transduction of Receptor Signals 166 Jacopo Meldolesi SECTION 4 RECEPTOR CLASSES 173 16 Ligand-Gated Ion Channels 175 Cecilia Gotti and Francesco Clementi 17 G-Protein-Coupled Receptors 189 Lucia Vallar Maria Pia Abbracchio and Lucia Vicentini 18 Growth Factor Receptors 202 Silvia Giordano Carla Boccaccio and Paolo M. Comoglio 19 Cytokine Receptors 217 Massimo Locati 20 A dhesion Molecule Receptors 225 Giorgio Berton and Carlo Laudanna 21 Soluble Cytokine Receptors and Monoclonal Antibodies in Pathophysiology and Therapy 235 Alberto Mantovani and Annunciata Vecchi SECTION 5 MODULATION OF GENE ESPRESSION 241 22 Pharmacology of Transcription 243 Roberta Benfante and Diego Fornasari 23 Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Therapy 256 Diego Fornasari 24 Intracellular Receptors 268 Adriana Maggi and Elisabetta Vegeto 25 Rna Molecule as a Drug: From Rna Interference to Aptamers 284 Valerio Fulci and Giuseppe Macino SECTION 6 REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 293 26 Regenerative Medicine and Gene Therapy 295 Luciano Conti and Elena Cattaneo SECTION 7 PHARMACOLOGICAL CONTROL OF MEMBRANE TRANSPORT 309 27 Ion Channels 311 Maurizio Taglialatela and Enzo Wanke 28 Membrane Transporters 345 Lucio Annunziato Giuseppe Pignataro and Gianfranco Di Renzo 29 Neurotransmitter Transporters 359 Gaetano Di Chiara SECTION 8 CONTROL OF PROTEOLYSIS 377 30 Intracellular Proteolysis 379 Fabio Di Lisa and Edon Melloni 31 Extracellular Proteolysis 395 Francesco Blasi SECTION 9 CONTROL OF CELL CYCLE AND CELLULAR PROLIFERATION 403 32 Cell Cycle and Cell Death 405 Marco Corazzari and Mauro Piacentini 33 Mechanisms of Action of Antitumor Drugs 415 Giovanni Luca Beretta Laura Gatti and Paola Perego SECTION 10 CONTROL OF CELLULAR METABOLISM 431 34 Mitochondria Oxidative Stress and Cell Damage: Pharmacological Perspectives 433 Clara De Palma Orazio Cantoni and Fabio Di Lisa 35 Pharmacological Control of Lipid Synthesis 439 Lorenzo Arnaboldi Alberto Corsini and Nicola Ferri 36 Glucose Transport and Pharmacological Control of Glucose Metabolism 452 Paolo Moghetti and Giacomo Zoppini SECTION 11 INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION 463 37 Pharmacological Regulation of Synaptic Function 465 Michela Matteoli Elisabetta Menna Costanza Capuano and Claudia Verderio 38 Catecholaminergic Transmission 477 Pier Franco Spano Maurizio Memo M. Cristina Missale Marina Pizzi and Sandra Sigala 39 Cholinergic Transmission 496 Giancarlo Pepeu 40 The Serotonergic Transmission 509 Maurizio Popoli Laura Musazzi and Giorgio Racagni 41 Histaminergic Transmission 520 Emanuela Masini and Laura Lucarini 42 Gabaergic Transmission 529 Mariangela Serra Enrico Sanna and Giovanni Biggio 43 Glutamate-Mediated Neurotransmission 541 Flavio Moroni 44 Purinergic Transmission 553 Stefania Ceruti Flaminio Cattabeni and Maria Pia Abbracchio 45 Neuropeptides 565 Lucia Negri and Roberta Lattanzi 46 The Opioid System 572 Patrizia Romualdi and Sanzio Candeletti 47 The Endocannabinoid System 585 Daniela Parolaro and Tiziana Rubino 48 Pharmacology of Nitric Oxide 596 Emilio Clementi 49 A rachidonic Acid Metabolism 608 Carlo Patrono and Paola Patrignani SECTION 12 PHARMACOLOGY OF DEFENCE PROCESSES 623 50 Pharmacological Modulation of the Immune System 625 Carlo Riccardi and Graziella Migliorati 51 Mechanism of Action of Anti-Infective Drugs 641 Francesco Scaglione SECTION 13 TOXICOLOGY AND DRUG INTERACTIONS 663 52 Introduction to Toxicology 665 Helmut Greim 53 Drug Interactions 678 Achille P. Caputi Giuseppina Fava and Angela De Sarro SECTION 14 DRUG DEVELOPMENT 687 54 Preclinical Research and Development of New Drugs 689 Ennio Ongini 55 Role of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics in Drug Development 700 Simone Braggio and Mario Pellegatti 56 Clinical Development of a New Drug and Methodology of Drug Trials 708 Carlo Patrono Index 714

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